Purpose

This phase III trial compares the effect of modified fluorouracil, leucovorin calcium, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (mFOLFIRINOX) with or without nivolumab to the effect of modified fluorouracil, leucovorin calcium, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX) with or without nivolumab for the treatment of patients with advanced, unresectable, or metastatic HER2 negative esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, or gastric adenocarcinoma. The usual approach for patients who are not in a study is treatment with FOLFOX with some receiving an immunotherapy drug, either nivolumab or pembrolizumab, in addition to FOLFOX chemotherapy. The usual approach is defined as care most people get for cancer in the stomach, esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction. Fluorouracil is in a class of medications called antimetabolites. It stops cells from making DNA and may kill tumor cells. Leucovorin in a class of medications called folic acid analogs. When used with fluorouracil it enhances the effects of this chemotherapy drug. Irinotecan is in a class of antineoplastic medications called topoisomerase I inhibitors. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and may kill cancer cells. Oxaliplatin is in a class of medications called platinum-containing antineoplastic agents. It damages the cell's DNA and may kill cancer cells. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Some patients on this trial will receive nivolumab, in addition to mFOLFOX or mFOLFIRINOX chemotherapy. mFOLFIRINOX with or without nivolumab may be more effective than mFOLFOX with or without nivolumab by shrinking the tumor in patients with advanced, unresectable, or metastatic HER2-negative esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, or gastric adenocarcinoma.

Conditions

Eligibility

Eligible Ages
Over 18 Years
Eligible Sex
All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

- Histologic documentation: HER2 negative adenocarcinoma as defined by American
Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) College of American Pathologists (CAP)
guidelines (Bartley et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology [JCO] 2017) with known
PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) (any CPS is allowed, but should be known prior
to registration)

- Stage: unresectable or metastatic

- Tumor site: esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, or stomach

- Measurable disease or non-measurable but evaluable disease as defined by Response
Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1

- No prior systemic treatment for unresectable or metastatic disease

- Prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy or adjuvant immunotherapy is
allowed as long as it was completed at least 1 year prior to registration

- Not pregnant and not nursing, because this study involves an agent that has known
genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects

* Therefore, for women of childbearing potential only, a negative serum or urine
pregnancy test done =< 7 days prior to registration is required

- Age >= 18 years

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0 or 1

- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mm^3

- Platelet count >= 100,000/mm^3

- Creatinine =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) OR calculated (calc.) creatinine
clearance >= 30 mL/min

- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x ULN

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 3 x ULN (in
patients with liver metastasis: =< 5 x ULN if clearly attributable to liver
metastases)

- Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment
does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of
the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial

- Patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are eligible only if they
meet all of the following:

- On effective anti-retroviral therapy

- Undetectable HIV viral load by standard clinical assay =< 6 months of
registration

- No known Gilbert's syndrome or known homozygosity for UGAT1A1*28 polymorphism

- No baseline grade >= 2 peripheral neuropathy, neurosensory toxicity, or neuromotor
toxicity per CTCAE version (v) 5.0 regardless of causality

- No medical condition such as uncontrolled infection or uncontrolled diabetes
mellitus which, in the opinion of the treating physician, would make this protocol
unreasonably hazardous for the patient

- Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of
treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac
function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be
eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better

- No untreated, symptomatic brain metastasis. Patients with treated brain metastases
are eligible if the following criteria are met: 1) follow-up brain imaging done at
least in 4 weeks after central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy shows no
evidence of progression and 2) the patient no longer requires steroids, or is on a
stable steroid dose for more than four weeks

- No allogeneic tissue/organ transplant

- Patients who will receive nivolumab in addition to chemotherapy must not have any
contraindications to immune checkpoint inhibitors

- Patients must not have active autoimmune disease that has required systemic
treatment within 6 months prior to registration. Patients are permitted to
receive immunotherapy if they have vitiligo, type I diabetes, residual
hypothyroidism due to autoimmune condition only requiring hormone replacement,
psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment, or conditions not expected to recur
in the absence of an external trigger (precipitating event)

- Patients must not have a condition requiring systemic treatment with either
corticosteroids (>10mg/day prednisone equivalents) or other immunosuppressive
medications within 14 days prior to registration. Inhaled or topical steroids
and adrenal replacement doses (=< 10mg/day prednisone equivalent) are permitted

- Patients must not have a history of noninfectious pneumonitis requiring
steroids

- Patients with prior immune mediated adverse events related to immunotherapy
that resulted in permanent treatment discontinuation with these agents are
ineligible

Study Design

Phase
Phase 3
Study Type
Interventional
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention Model
Parallel Assignment
Primary Purpose
Treatment
Masking
None (Open Label)

Arm Groups

ArmDescriptionAssigned Intervention
Experimental
Arm I (mFOLFIRINOX, nivolumab)
Patients receive fluorouracil IV over 44-46 hours on day 1 of each cycle, leucovorin calcium as bolus injection or IV infusion over 10-120 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, oxaliplatin IV over 2-6 hours on day 1 for up to 12 cycles, and irinotecan IV over 90 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Patients may also receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo MRI and a CT scan throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo blood sample collection on study.
  • Drug: Fluorouracil
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 2,4-Dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidine
    • 5 Fluorouracil
    • 5 Fluorouracilum
    • 5 FU
    • 5-Fluoro-2,4(1H, 3H)-pyrimidinedione, 5-Fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione,
  • Drug: Leucovorin Calcium
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 1492-18-8
    • 5-Formyl Tetrahydrofolate
    • Calcium (6S)-Folinate
    • Calcium Folinate
  • Drug: Oxaliplatin
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 1-OHP
    • Dacotin
    • Dacplat
    • ELOXATIN
  • Drug: Irinotecan
    Given IV
  • Biological: Nivolumab
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • MDX-1106
    • Opdivo
  • Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Undergo MRI
    Other names:
    • MRI
  • Procedure: Computed Tomography
    Undergo a CT Scan
    Other names:
    • CAT Scan
    • Computed Axial Tomography
    • CT Scan
  • Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
    Undergo blood sample collection
  • Other: Questionnaire Administration
    Ancillary studies
Active Comparator
Arm II (mFOLFOX, nivolumab)
Patients receive fluorouracil IV bolus and IV infusion over 44-46 hours on day 1 of each cycle, leucovorin calcium as bolus injection or IV infusion over 10-120 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and oxaliplatin IV over 2-6 hours on day 1 for up to 12 cycles. Patients may also receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo MRI and a CT scan throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo blood sample collection on study. Patients are followed every 6 months until 3 years following registration, or at the time of tumor progression, withdrawal or removal from the study.
  • Drug: Fluorouracil
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 2,4-Dioxo-5-fluoropyrimidine
    • 5 Fluorouracil
    • 5 Fluorouracilum
    • 5 FU
    • 5-Fluoro-2,4(1H, 3H)-pyrimidinedione, 5-Fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione,
  • Drug: Leucovorin Calcium
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 1492-18-8
    • 5-Formyl Tetrahydrofolate
    • Calcium (6S)-Folinate
    • Calcium Folinate
  • Drug: Oxaliplatin
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • 1-OHP
    • Dacotin
    • Dacplat
    • ELOXATIN
  • Biological: Nivolumab
    Given IV
    Other names:
    • MDX-1106
    • Opdivo
  • Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Undergo MRI
    Other names:
    • MRI
  • Procedure: Computed Tomography
    Undergo a CT Scan
    Other names:
    • CAT Scan
    • Computed Axial Tomography
    • CT Scan
  • Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
    Undergo blood sample collection
  • Other: Questionnaire Administration
    Ancillary studies

Recruiting Locations

The University of Kansas Cancer Center - Olathe
Olathe, Kansas 66061
Contact:
Site Public Contact
913-588-1569
OlatheCCResearch@kumc.edu

University of Kansas Health System Saint Francis Campus
Topeka, Kansas 66606
Contact:
Site Public Contact
785-295-8000

More Details

Status
Recruiting
Sponsor
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology

Study Contact

Aishwarya Vijendran
773-834-9613
aishwaryav@bsd.uchicago.edu

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine if overall survival (OS) is improved in patients who received mFOLFIRINOX +/- nivolumab in comparison to FOLFOX +/- nivolumab as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To compare other indices of efficacy, including progression-free survival, objective response rates and duration of response between both treatment arms. II. To evaluate safety and tolerability associated with treatment in each of the treatment arms. III. To evaluate the proportion of patients receiving second line of therapy in both arms. IV. To evaluate tolerability of the treatment in both arms using Patient Reported Outcomes-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE). EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES: I. Exploratory correlative markers will also be measured and evaluated within and between arms to better assess mechanisms and prognostic impact of markers on impact. These will include baseline PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) and cell free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) before and after treatment. II. To evaluate and assess the feasibility and compliance associated with not centrally collecting perceived attribution of protocol treatment to reported adverse events. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. ARM I: Patients receive fluorouracil intravenously (IV), leucovorin calcium IV, oxaliplatin IV, and irinotecan IV on study and nivolumab IV as clinically indicated. Patients undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a computed tomography (CT) scan throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo blood sample collection on study. ARM II: Patients receive fluorouracil IV, leucovorin calcium IV, and oxaliplatin IV on study and nivolumab IV as clinically indicated. Patients undergo MRI and a CT scan throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo blood sample collection on study.

Notice

Study information shown on this site is derived from ClinicalTrials.gov (a public registry operated by the National Institutes of Health). The listing of studies provided is not certain to be all studies for which you might be eligible. Furthermore, study eligibility requirements can be difficult to understand and may change over time, so it is wise to speak with your medical care provider and individual research study teams when making decisions related to participation.